In remote sensing data analyses, usually, we have to convert Landsat data to Top of Atmosphere value. This process will change the original digital number, in Landsat 5 from 8 bit to decimal with the range between 0 and 1. If the data is Landsat 8 then it will change from 16bit data to decimal with a range between 0 and 1.
If you want to analyze the ToA (reflectance), i.e., land cover classification, you can directly use the image. The problem will appear if you want to analyze with a certain formula that requires 8bit data, for example, Forest Canopy Density Model. So, after you do a radiometric correction to reflectance, you have to rescale into 8bit integer.
Usually, I use GRASS GIS for this purpose. But somehow today I found it’s difficult to use GRASS GIS. The result seems strange. After hours of trying, I found I trick to do the process.
GDAL to the rescue
We can use gdal_translate to convert data from any kind of range into 8bit integer. There are two steps to do this :
Metadata:
STATISTICS_MAXIMUM=0.38453308863717
STATISTICS_MEAN=0.11160144537989
STATISTICS_MINIMUM=0.010000000000004
STATISTICS_STDDEV=0.063021296050904
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